The Effect of Digital Agility and Supply Chain Resilience on Operational Performance of Logistics MSMEs in the Platform Economy Era

Abstract

The dependency of the digital platform economy on e-commerce logistics positions Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) specializing in last-mile parcel distribution, courier, and local warehousing at the core of national value chains. However, extreme seasonality in delivery volumes, archipelagic geography bottlenecks, and adverse weather conditions necessitate high digital agility and robust supply chain resilience. This study investigates the impact of digital agility on logistics MSME operational performance, evaluating supply chain resilience as a mediating mechanism. An explanatory quantitative survey was administered to 155 owners, dispatch managers, and fleet supervisors of third-party logistics and courier MSMEs operating across North Sulawesi. Data were evaluated using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4.0. The empirical results demonstrate that digital agility significantly fosters supply chain resilience (β = 0.625, p < 0.001) and operational performance directly (β = 0.245, p < 0.001). In turn, supply chain resilience substantially elevates operational performance (β = 0.488, p < 0.001) and functions as a significant partial mediator linking digital agility to operational outcomes (β = 0.305, p < 0.001). The structural model explains 59.1% of the variance in supply chain resilience (R² = 0.591) and 65.4% in operational performance (R² = 0.654). These insights confirm that adopting dynamic digital dispatch routing and real-time package tracking algorithms builds defensive fleet resilience that mitigates costly delivery delays.